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Why ‘The Sixth Sense’ Remains the Highest Grossing* Horror Film

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I saw dead people, you saw dead people, we all saw dead people.

I don’t know anyone who didn’t see the The Sixth Sense in theaters when it was released in the summer of 1999. Even at the time it was obvious the film was a milestone moment for genre cinema, that rarest of instances where a horror film captures the zeitgeist and changes the way everyone talks about and views movies.

For better or worse, the “twist ending” became a powerful tool for screenwriters and, as far as I can recall, the film’s success also ushered in the era of marketing films based on how much their endings were likely to blow our minds.

The film’s success was a double-edged sword for M. Night Shyamalan who was immediately hailed as a possible heir to Steven Spielberg only to be pigeonholed as ‘that twist-ending guy’ at the same time. You also couldn’t mention his name without some idiot saying “M. Night Shama-lama-ding-dong”, an unfortunate and irritating occurrence that continues to this day.

As for the numbers, they’re astounding. The film raked in $293,506,292  domestically and $379,300,000 internationally for a whopping $672, 806,292 total haul. And that’s off a $40 million production budget!

*Admittedly, The Sixth Sense ranks 3rd all-time domestic gross under Jaws and The Exorcist when you account for inflation, but considering these are 90’s dollars, I hope you inflation nerds that I know are ready to pounce can at least admit this is hugely impressive. And in terms of total gross, The Sixth Sense may still win out in the end (I await your math on this).

As comparison, James Wan’s most successful film to date, The Conjuring, which was considered a massive hit by Warner Bros. only hits at $137, 400,141 domestic. Hardly a stone’s throw away.

So what was the secret of The Sixth Sense‘s success? While no one can say with certainty, I would suggest that the late 90’s was still a time when stars could open a film. Bruce Willis was still hugely bankable while Toni Collette had firmly become an indie it-girl, bringing some credibility to her first studio picture and what may have otherwise been seen as a goofy genre movie. Of course you can’t underestimate some very good word-of-mouth, decent reviews and, an honest to god cracking good script from Shyamalan.

Looking at the movie landscape now, one wonders whether a horror film could ever achieve this level of financial success again. The marketplace is completely fractured, there are a million streaming options from literally every era of movies, and the studio system is far less inclined to push anything that’s not a franchise tent pole, or pre-existing IP. Oh yeah, and then there’s piracy. If horror films of the future never edge The Sixth Sense out of the top spot, it’s likely because of how movie distribution has changed since it was released.

The popular narrative is that M. Night Shyamalan’s career has been a spiral downwards both in terms of quality and financial rewards. While I respectfully disagree on the quality front, it’s worth noting that following the unprecedented financial success of The Sixth Sense, he really had nowhere to go but down.

As Shymalan continues to make his great escape from director’s jail with first The Visit and now the critically acclaimed Split (review)hitting this weekend, I think it’s worth breaking with the popular narrative to reflecting on the nearly 20 year legacy of one of American’s most successful horror directors.

Editorials

‘A Haunted House’ and the Death of the Horror Spoof Movie

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Due to a complex series of anthropological mishaps, the Wayans Brothers are a huge deal in Brazil. Around these parts, White Chicks is considered a national treasure by a lot of people, so it stands to reason that Brazilian audiences would continue to accompany the Wayans’ comedic output long after North America had stopped taking them seriously as comedic titans.

This is the only reason why I originally watched Michael Tiddes and Marlon Wayans’ 2013 horror spoof A Haunted House – appropriately known as “Paranormal Inactivity” in South America – despite having abandoned this kind of movie shortly after the excellent Scary Movie 3. However, to my complete and utter amazement, I found myself mostly enjoying this unhinged parody of Found Footage films almost as much as the iconic spoofs that spear-headed the genre during the 2000s. And with Paramount having recently announced a reboot of the Scary Movie franchise, I think this is the perfect time to revisit the divisive humor of A Haunted House and maybe figure out why this kind of film hasn’t been popular in a long time.

Before we had memes and internet personalities to make fun of movie tropes for free on the internet, parody movies had been entertaining audiences with meta-humor since the very dawn of cinema. And since the genre attracted large audiences without the need for a serious budget, it made sense for studios to encourage parodies of their own productions – which is precisely what happened with Miramax when they commissioned a parody of the Scream franchise, the original Scary Movie.

The unprecedented success of the spoof (especially overseas) led to a series of sequels, spin-offs and rip-offs that came along throughout the 2000s. While some of these were still quite funny (I have a soft spot for 2008’s Superhero Movie), they ended up flooding the market much like the Guitar Hero games that plagued video game stores during that same timeframe.

You could really confuse someone by editing this scene into Paranormal Activity.

Of course, that didn’t stop Tiddes and Marlon Wayans from wanting to make another spoof meant to lampoon a sub-genre that had been mostly overlooked by the Scary Movie series – namely the second wave of Found Footage films inspired by Paranormal Activity. Wayans actually had an easier time than usual funding the picture due to the project’s Found Footage presentation, with the format allowing for a lower budget without compromising box office appeal.

In the finished film, we’re presented with supposedly real footage recovered from the home of Malcom Johnson (Wayans). The recordings themselves depict a series of unexplainable events that begin to plague his home when Kisha Davis (Essence Atkins) decides to move in, with the couple slowly realizing that the difficulties of a shared life are no match for demonic shenanigans.

In practice, this means that viewers are subjected to a series of familiar scares subverted by wacky hijinks, with the flick featuring everything from a humorous recreation of the iconic fan-camera from Paranormal Activity 3 to bizarre dance numbers replacing Katy’s late-night trances from Oren Peli’s original movie.

Your enjoyment of these antics will obviously depend on how accepting you are of Wayans’ patented brand of crass comedy. From advanced potty humor to some exaggerated racial commentary – including a clever moment where Malcom actually attempts to move out of the titular haunted house because he’s not white enough to deal with the haunting – it’s not all that surprising that the flick wound up with a 10% rating on Rotten Tomatoes despite making a killing at the box office.

However, while this isn’t my preferred kind of humor, I think the inherent limitations of Found Footage ended up curtailing the usual excesses present in this kind of parody, with the filmmakers being forced to focus on character-based comedy and a smaller scale story. This is why I mostly appreciate the love-hate rapport between Kisha and Malcom even if it wouldn’t translate to a healthy relationship in real life.

Of course, the jokes themselves can also be pretty entertaining on their own, with cartoony gags like the ghost getting high with the protagonists (complete with smoke-filled invisible lungs) and a series of silly The Exorcist homages towards the end of the movie. The major issue here is that these legitimately funny and genre-specific jokes are often accompanied by repetitive attempts at low-brow humor that you could find in any other cheap comedy.

Not a good idea.

Not only are some of these painfully drawn out “jokes” incredibly unfunny, but they can also be remarkably offensive in some cases. There are some pretty insensitive allusions to sexual assault here, as well as a collection of secondary characters defined by negative racial stereotypes (even though I chuckled heartily when the Latina maid was revealed to have been faking her poor English the entire time).

Cinephiles often claim that increasingly sloppy writing led to audiences giving up on spoof movies, but the fact is that many of the more beloved examples of the genre contain some of the same issues as later films like A Haunted House – it’s just that we as an audience have (mostly) grown up and are now demanding more from our comedy. However, this isn’t the case everywhere, as – much like the Elves from Lord of the Rings – spoof movies never really died, they simply diminished.

A Haunted House made so much money that they immediately started working on a second one that released the following year (to even worse reviews), and the same team would later collaborate once again on yet another spoof, 50 Shades of Black. This kind of film clearly still exists and still makes a lot of money (especially here in Brazil), they just don’t have the same cultural impact that they used to in a pre-social-media-humor world.

At the end of the day, A Haunted House is no comedic masterpiece, failing to live up to the laugh-out-loud thrills of films like Scary Movie 3, but it’s also not the trainwreck that most critics made it out to be back in 2013. Comedy is extremely subjective, and while the raunchy humor behind this flick definitely isn’t for everyone, I still think that this satirical romp is mostly harmless fun that might entertain Found Footage fans that don’t take themselves too seriously.

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