From Pinocchio’s Revenge to Silent Night, Deadly Night, taking beloved cultural icons and turning them into cold-blooded killers is nothing new in horror. I mean, corrupting traditionally innocent iconography is pretty much the genre’s specialty, but I still find it fascinating how modern filmmakers are fighting back against franchise monopolies by re-imagining popular figures like Winnie the Pooh and Mickey Mouse as murderous monsters as soon as they enter the public domain.

And with the announcement that the Winnie the Pooh: Blood & Honey team’s “Twisted Childhood Universe” is expanding to include evil versions of characters like Bambi and Peter Pan, I think it’s time that filmmakers start looking at some less obvious source material when coming up with their public domain scares. With that in mind, we’ve decided to highlight six public domain characters that also deserve their own horror movies. After all, if these genre subversions are here to stay, they might as well get creative with it.

For the purposes of this list, we’ll be avoiding public domain creations that were already meant to be a part of the horror genre at the time of their creation – which means no entries derived from classic writers like Poe, Lovecraft and Shelley.

With that out of the way, don’t forget to comment below with your own public domain favorites if you think we missed a character that’s especially suited for big-screen terror.

Now, onto the list…

6. Felix the Cat – Feline Follies (1919)

Felix may not have the same star power as some of his animated contemporaries (mostly due to the fact that his most popular cartoons were from the silent era), but this mischievous black cat is still responsible for developing the general blueprint for nearly all animated mascots to come. At one point, Felix was so big that he even co-starred alongside a 2D Charlie Chaplin in one of his landmark shorts, making him one of Australia’s biggest celebrities.

And while it’d be easy to take the anthropomorphic mutant animal approach like many of the recent public domain horror adaptations, I think a Felix horror movie would work best as a meta slasher. In this more down-to-earth story, a Felix-obsessed fan could dress up as the iconic cat and commit feline-themed murders following the insane logic of those silent-era cartoons.

5. Jack Frost – Oral Tradition

You can’t exactly copyright winter, and while the most notable iterations of Jack Frost are off limits (i.e. Rankin/Bass’ 1979 TV Special and 2012’s Rise of the Guardians), the idea of a living, breathing embodiment of freezing cold is very much available for any genre filmmaker wishing to tell an effects-driven tale of icy terror.

I think a supernatural horror approach would work well with this one, having a group of youngsters offend the wintery spirit and fall victim to his wrath in increasingly bizarre deaths. Hell, you could even make the whole thing take place during a blizzard and trap the main characters inside a single location in order to make filming easier.

And before you say, “but Luiz, wasn’t there already a Jack Frost horror flick back in 1997?”… that movie is actually about a serial killer who turns into a mutant snow-man – not the living embodiment of winter!

4. Mowgli – The Jungle Book (1894)

While most people are only familiar with Disney’s loose adaptation of the book from 1967, Rudyard Kipling’s original Jungle Book is actually a collection of stories following the feral boy Mowgli and his encounters with beasts representing different human archetypes. The original tales were deeply allegorical yarns about laws and society (with some scholars even arguing that the text contains some problematic imperialist tendencies), but I think the horror genre could especially benefit from Kipling’s jungle-borne thrills.

After all, evil children are a timeless staple of the horror genre, so imagine a scary story about a feral child who can communicate with animals and vengefully unleashes them on the humans who “rescued” him from his natural home. Think The Beastmaster but with more jump-scares!

3. Sherlock Holmes – A Study in Scarlet (1887)

One of the most popular fictional characters of all time, it baffles me that we’ve yet to see a fully fledged horror film about Arthur Conan Doyle’s iconic detective, Sherlock Holmes. Sure, we’ve had glimpses of terror in stories like The Hound of the Baskervilles, but where’s my supernatural thriller about Holmes and Watson facing a Cthulhu death cult hell-bent on ending the world?

There are already several literary crossovers pitting the world’s favorite detective against the eldritch horrors of H.P. Lovecraft (courtesy of authors like James Lovegrove and even Neil Gaiman), so why not bring these conflicts of madness and reason to the big screen?

2. Gertie – Gertie the Dinosaur (1914)

One of the more obscure entries on this list, Gertie the Dinosaur was the main attraction in a pioneering example of cinematic mixed media. A 12-minute animated short accompanied by a vaudeville act, this silent film introduced the world to a “wonderfully trained dinosaur” who would eat out of the hands of trainers and perform goofy tricks alongside live-action performers – all this decades before movies like Who Framed Roger Rabbit.

And while Gertie’s extraordinary popularity has mostly been lost to time, I’d love to see a full-on monster movie about an exotic wild animal reaching its breaking point after one trick too many and going on a destructive rampage a la the tragic real-life story of Tyke the elephant.

1. Casper the Friendly Ghost – The Friendly Ghost (1945)

Casper the Friendly Ghost isn’t exactly an A-lister cartoon character these days, with few notable projects involving the cutesy spectre since 1995’s divisive film adaptation (which, as a 90s kid, I happen to love despite its many flaws). However, I think Casper is a prime candidate for a terrifying reinvention due to the fact that his first animated appearance never had its copyright notice renewed.

While this means that only 1945’s The Friendly Ghost is technically up for grabs (which doesn’t even feature the character’s iconic uncles), there’s still no shortage of horrific subversions that filmmakers could come up with when telling a chilling story about a lonely child’s spirit wandering the world of the living in search of company.