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Horror Retrospective: 1933 (Editorial)

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THE YEAR: 1933

The horror genre continued to be a powerful force in Hollywood in 1933. If there is one thing we as horror fans know, it’s that people enjoy the thrill of a good scare, especially in the contained environment of their favorite movie theater. So break out your popcorn, settle in, and scream with Fay Wray at the awesome sight of King Kong; “see” The Invisible Man; try to solve the Mystery of the Wax Museum; survive a Night of Terror; and witness the Supernatural.

KING KONG

(D) Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack
(W) James Creelman and Ruth Rose
(S) Fay Wray, Robert Armstrong, and Bruce Cabot

Fay Wray was everywhere in 1933 – from The Vampire Bat to Mystery of the Wax Museum to this, the grandest of all giant ape films, King Kong – and for good reason; wait until you hear her scream! The lovely Wray plays Ann Darrow, a struggling young actress who is recruited by film director Carl Denham (Armstrong). Denham, though not necessarily a bad guy, has delusions of grandeur, and he thinks that he has found the perfect location to film his next masterpiece: the exotic Skull Island. What could possibly go wrong? It turns out that the natives on Skull Island feel the occasional need to offer a sacrifice to Kong – a giant gorilla that terrorizes the island’s inhabitants. You have one guess as to who the sacrifice will be. The fantastic special effects by Harry Redmond Sr. and Jr. and the incredible stop-motion animation by Willis O’Brien are enough to highly recommend this film, and the cherry on top is that the story is complex, terrifying, and, ultimately, touching.

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THE INVISIBLE MAN

(D) James Whale
(W) R.C. Sherriff
(S) Claude Rains, Gloria Stuart, and William Harrigan

Based on the novel by H.G. Wells, The Invisible Man is another outstanding horror film from director James Whale. Claude Rains stars asJack Griffin, an amiable and soft-spoken scientist who works in a laboratory owned by Dr. Cranley (Henry Travers). In a Dr. Jekyll-esque moment, Griffin uses himself as a guinea pig for a fictitious – and dangerous – drug called monocaine. Cranley’s daughter, Flora (Stuart) becomes concerned after she fails to hear from Griffin and he neglects to return to the laboratory. It turns out that monocaine has turned Griffin not only invisible but it’s made him mentally unhinged as well. A harrowing chase for Griffin ensues that involves Flora, Dr. Arthur Kemp (Harrigan), and the local police. Rains is perfectly cast as Griffin – he spends most of the film with his face wrapped in bandages or corporeally invisible, relying on his commanding and nuanced voice to convey his complex emotions. Come for Rains’ performance, and stay for the excellent special effects by John P. Fulton.

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MYSTERY OF THE WAX MUSEUM

(D) Michael Curtiz
(W) Don Mullaly and Carl Erikson
(S) Lionel Atwill, Fay Wray, and Glenda Farrell

Mystery of the Wax Museum is an early film from a director you may have heard of: Michael Curtiz of Casablanca fame. The film features excellent performances from Lionel Atwill as Ivan Igor, who considers his wax creations his “children”; Fay Wray as Charlotte Duncan, who slowly uncovers Ivan’s psychotic impulses; and Glenda Farrell as Florence Dempsey, Charlotte’s roommate and a feisty news reporter. After being badly burned in his London wax museum, Ivan opens up a new museum in New York – just in time for people to start dropping dead. One of the best moments of the film occurs when Charlotte confronts Ivan at his wax museum and tears off his false visage, revealing his hideously deformed face. Mystery of the Wax Museum is a follow up of sorts to the previous year’s Doctor X, which – though it didn’t make my 1932 list – is certainly worth a watch, too.

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NIGHT OF TERROR

(D) Ben Stoloff
(W) William Jacobs and Beatrice Van
(S) Bela Lugosi, Wallace Ford, and Sally Blane

Night of Terror is easily the oddest (and cheesiest) film on this list, and – surprise, surprise – it stars Bela Lugosi. Actually, while Lugosi is in the film, his role as Degar, a Hindu (!?) butler for the wealthy Rinehart family, is a minor one. The plot of the film goes something like this: Arthur Hornsby (George Meeker) is a scientist who claims to have invented a serum that can sustain life in a subject deprived of oxygen. To prove his point, Arthur will be buried alive while the entire Rinehart family watches. However, before this macabre event happens, Richard Rinehart (Tully Marshall), Arthur’s uncle, is murdered by a Maniac (Edwin Maxwell). Upon Richard’s death, the other members of the family, including the servants, are set to inherit his vast wealth, so, naturally, they die off one by one. Is the Maniac to blame, or is there a more sinister villain in the family’s midst? You’ll have to watch this fun little film to find out!

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SUPERNATURAL

(D) Victor Halperin
(W) Brian Marlow and Harvey Thew
(S) Carole Lombard, Alan Dinehart, and Vivienne Osborne

Many modern day horror films owe a debt of gratitude to Supernatural, an interesting and early film about soul transference. A black-widow killer named Ruth Rogen (Osborne) is sentenced to death for her crimes, but she still has her most recent husband left to kill. What is a woman to do? Enter Roma Courtenay (Lombard), a young woman who has become wealthy due to her brother’s recent death. Seeing an opportunity to swindle some of her money, Paul Bavian (Alan Dinehart) dupes Roma by claiming that he can hold a séance to summon her brother’s spirit so that they can find out how he died. After she leaves Bavian’s rigged séance, a bewildered Roma is possessed by the malevolent spirit of Ruth. For the remainder of the film, Roma’s boyfriend, Grant Wilson (Randolph Scott), tries desperately to free her from Ruth’s terrible grasp. This film can be a tough one to find, but it’s well worth seeking out.

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Editorials

‘The Mandela Catalogue’ Explained: Inside Alex Kister’s Viral Analog Horror Phenomenon

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The Mandela Catalogue explained

I first heard about The Mandela Catalogue through a couple of nephews who were obsessed with the ARG’s sinister mythology. It was only after watching Wendigoon’s in-depth analysis of the series that I realized just how deep this rabbit hole goes.

In fact, I’d already been exposed to the nightmarish visuals of Alex Kister’s YouTube creation for years at that point without even realizing that it was the origin of several viral “cursed images” and spooky memes that had leaked into the wider internet – with this viral element actually being a part of the Catalogue’s overarching narrative.

Flash-forward to 2026 and the unprecedented success of Kane Parsons’ Backrooms has led to Hollywood betting on horrific internet properties with existing fanbases, which means that Kister’s unique hybrid of both religious and analog horror is finally headed to the big screen with a script written by Kister himself alongside Tyler Clifton.

While this news shouldn’t be too surprising if you’ve been keeping up with the ongoing success of The Mandela Catalogue (both myself and Wendigoon having previously predicted that the series would inevitably make the jump to theaters one day), plenty of horror fans are likely confused as to why so many folks are excited for what appears to be a Hollywood adaptation of a series of creepy .jpeg images under a VHS filter.

With that in mind, today I’d like to invite fellow readers to accompany me as I explore the origins of Alex Kister’s viral hit and attempt to explain exactly why we should all be excited about the Mandela Catalogue adaptation!

From High School Writing Project to Internet Horror Phenomenon

The first seeds of The Mandela Catalogue were sown when Kister was still in high school and developed a writing project subverting religious tropes in a world where biblical history had been altered by demonic forces. A little while later, Kister came across an analog horror contest on Reddit and decided to adapt his ideas into a standalone video where he would edit a religious kids’ cartoon –The Beginner’s Bible: The Nativity, to be specific- into something far creepier. This is how the iconic Overthrone video was born, with this viral short film taking on a life of its own as fans demanded more eerie content from Kister.

Though the video was originally meant to be a one-and-done sort of affair, with Kister actually regretting some of its primitive visuals and considering the editing amateurish and “YouTube-Poop-like” when compared to his current standards, fan reaction and free time during the COVID-19 pandemic encouraged the (then) seventeen-year-old filmmaker to continue producing content set in this same world. The Mandela Catalogue name was inspired by the Mandela Effect conspiracy theory, as the series would slowly begin to explore the subtle horror of alternate histories.

Inspired by existential dread brought on by extended periods of quarantine as well as a personal crisis of faith, Kister continued to expand his alternate timeline where the rise of Christianity had been prevented by what was presumably the Devil disguised as the Archangel Gabriel. This alternate course of fictional events led to the existence of certain paranormal anomalies that had come to be accepted as “normal” by the 1990s, which is why most of the series’ supernatural horror is presented in such a matter-of-fact manner.

Most of this background information and religious lore is delivered by increasingly cryptic broadcasts and in-universe PSAs, as well as the occasional found footage video, that often have to be decoded by clever viewers. Of course, it’s the consistently disturbing imagery that made the series so popular – much of which was originally created by Kister on a smartphone!

The Alternates: Horror’s Most Unsettling Modern Monsters

The show’s early episodes mostly take place within the fictional Mandela County in Wisconsin and depict life in a world where demonic entities are capable of using media to enter our reality. This process usually involves scaring victims into killing themselves and then repurposing their bodies as horrific doppelgangers referred to as “Alternates”. This terrifying phenomenon has become so common that local police already have specialized procedures in place to deal with the issue, though this usually consists of simply ignoring calls for help so as to avoid spreading so-called “Metaphysical Awareness Disorder” any further.

Over time, Kister would expand this mythology and incorporate different kinds of Alternates into the mix, though the story never stopped deconstructing religious concepts. The series’ second volume exponentially increased both video quality and the overall narrative scope as we began to follow the lives of characters who had already grown up in this dystopian hellscape where the government is forced to prohibit religion, television, and even mirrors in the hopes of mitigating the damage done by the ongoing invasion of otherworldly entities.

The really interesting part comes into play when you realize exactly how the Alternates make use of scary media in order to spread their demonic influence, with the analog horror of it all being a diegetic part of the story and something of a memetic trap orchestrated by the false Gabriel.

I particularly appreciate how some characters begin to suspect that there’s something wrong with their version of reality and that things weren’t meant to play out this way, especially when Mark utters the haunting line “who have I been praying to all this time?” That’s why I think The Mandela Catalogue is an effective piece of religious horror even if you don’t subscribe to the Christian worldview, as the mere idea of a world where evil has already won is a universally terrifying concept in and of itself. Not only that, but the series’ uncanny analog imagery alone is already worth the price of admission, as you’ve likely already noticed by looking at the pictures accompanying this article.

Why The Feature Adaptation Could Be Horror’s Next Big Success

It’s actually been a whole year since Kister first announced that he had been working on a feature-length screenplay for a Mandela Catalogue movie since 2022, with his proposed story following an ensemble of high-school graduates who uncover a supernatural conspiracy after the mysterious disappearance of a fellow student. This premise sounds similar to narrative elements present in the series’ second volume, but I’m pretty sure that Kister is going to go the Kane Parsons route and make the movie more of a spin-off than a re-imagining of its source material.

While notable Hollywood producers like Aaron B. Koontz, Scott Stuber, and Steven Spielberg himself are backing the upcoming project, I feel like there’s no one better to adapt this deeply personal exploration of faith and the dark side of communication than the person who first came up with it. That’s why I can’t wait to see Kister’s work on the big screen, as I have a feeling that this young filmmaker is the next one on the list about to make cinematic history – especially since this is clearly a passion project that has been in the works for years at this point!

That being said, there’s always a chance that the film could end up unleashing a fresh wave of Alternate incursions, but I guess that’s just a risk we’ll have to take.

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