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A Look Back at the Horror Influences of “Stranger Things” (So Far)

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The third season of the genre-bending “Stranger Things” is dropping on Netflix on July 4, 2019, leaving behind the Halloween 1984 setting of season two in favor of the summer sun of 1985. The Mind Flayer has been confined back in the Upside Down, but that doesn’t mean our favorite Hawkins residents won’t have new monsters, both of the Upside Down variety and human, to confront.

The Duffer Brothers wear their influences on their sleeves in this unique mashup of ‘80s nostalgia, sci-fi, coming of age, and horror. There’s no shortage of Easter eggs to spot, but the influences can be felt throughout both in style and story. For season three, the Duffer Brothers have promised the grossest season yet. The showrunners have teased that they’re drawing inspiration from the master of body horror, David Cronenberg, John Carpenter’s The Thing, and even a bit of George A. Romero this round.

Of course, it’ll hardly be the first time the series pays tribute to horror movies and horror masters, so in preparation of what’s shaping up to be the goriest season yet, we look back at the horror influences that have shaped Stranger Things so far.


Season 1

Firestarter and Carrie

It should surprise no one that Stephen King was a major influence on the Duffer Brothers growing up, and therefore played a huge role in this series. Eleven’s psychokinetic and telepathic abilities draw from Firestarter’s Charlie McGee and Carrie White.

Altered States

The isolation tank that Eleven was submerged in during flashback sequences were inspired by Altered States. The film served as a key reference point for production designer Chris Trujillo.

Under the Skin

When the sensory-deprivation tank works, enhancing Eleven’s abilities, she’s shown in an all-black space standing on water. The imagery is directly inspired by Under the Skin.

Poltergeist

Like Diane Freeling’s ability to communicate with her ghost-napped daughter Carol Anne by way of white noise of the TV and walls, Joyce is able to communicate to Will through a string of Christmas lights and radios.

Let the Right One In

There are parallels in the budding romance between Mike and Eleven and Oskar and Eli, in that both boys are bullied and befriend/fall for a powerful girl who’s more than they seem. There’s also the scene that features Mike playing with a Rubik’s cube while waiting on Eleven; the Rubik’s cube is a major symbol of friendship between Oskar and Eli.

A Nightmare on Elm Street

A major formative film on the Duffer Brothers, they tried to recreate the feeling of dread from Wes Craven’s seminal film. The teens try to exploit the nature of the Demogorgon to defeat it, much the same way that Nancy Thompson does with Freddy Krueger. But most obvious is the scene that sees the Demogorgon pushing through the Byers’ walls to break through to their world. Just like Freddy Krueger did above a sleeping Nancy.

Silent Hill

When it came to creating and designing the eerie world of the Upside Down, one of the biggest inspirations came from the video game Silent Hill. The floating ash, the color correction and the deteriorated buildings were all influenced by the hellscape in the popular game.

Alien

The other major inspiration for the look of the Upside Down came from Alien, namely LV-426. Then there’s the egg that Hopper finds while in the Upside Down in the season one finale, and the tendril down Will’s throat when he and Joyce finally find him. Both directly from Alien.

Jaws

The movie that played the biggest influence of all is Jaws, the Duffer Brothers’ favorite film. It permeates throughout the entire series, which was nearly named Montauk, after Montauk, New York (to capture that Amity aesthetic). The look of Sheriff Hopper is directly inspired by Roy Scheider’s character. They even drive similar trucks. The scene where Hopper is typing a report is framed exactly the same way as a scene in Jaws. The way a drop of blood from a cut on Barb’s hand attracted the Demogorgon, directly resulting in her death, is the same as a shark; the way the monster feeds is very shark-like. Above all, though, the way the Demogorgon is keep mostly hidden throughout season 1 is directly borrowed from Jaws, in the same way the shark’s appearance was used sparingly to build suspense.


Season 2

H.P. Lovecraft

The expanded world of the Upside Down, and creatures like the Mind Flayer, both in terms of design and scale, seem to stem directly from the works of H.P. Lovecraft.

The Evil Dead

Sam Raimi’s film was a major favorite of the Duffer Brothers, and they’ve snuck visual references to it in season two. It’s impossible to imagine that Hopper’s secluded cabin, and its design, wasn’t influenced by The Evil Dead.

IT

Stephen King’s work was a major staple for the Duffer Brothers, so it’s no surprise that season 2 loops in even more references and inspiration from his expansive catalog. It plays a major role in shaping new character Billy Hargrove. Hargrove is a violent teen and older stepbrother to Max, and takes major personality cues from It bully Henry Bowers.

The Shining

There’s a little bit of Jack Torrance in Billy Hargrove, too. But The Shining also shows up in the way that Will Byers has a clairvoyant connection with the monster from the Upside Down, much like Danny Torrance.

The Exorcist

The Mind Flayer, aka Shadow Monster, appears to Will in visions at the beginning of Season 2, but eventually takes control of his body. Will’s consciousness is assimilated into the hive mind, and the Mind Flayer is able to use Will as a puppet. Actor Noah Schnapp studied The Exorcist and Regan’s physicality when preparing for these specific scenes. The medical gown he wears while possessed and during his exorcism scene also feels like a visual nod.

Gremlins

Joe Dante’s classic, about a boy and his pet monster, Gizmo, is paid homage to extensively in the relationship between Dustin and his baby Upside Down monster, Dart.

Jurassic Park

When our protagonists are trapped in the lab with a pack of creatures, Bob (Sean Astin) navigates his way through the dangerous, overrun halls to reset the breakers and free everyone. This sequence is an homage to Jurassic Park, where Laura Dern’s Ellie Sattler has to make her way to a bunker to restore power while hungry velociraptors are loose and on the hunt.

Aliens

Aliens factored into season two in a number of ways; the most obvious being Paul Reiser’s casting. But there’s also the fact that there’s a lot more Demo-creatures this go ‘round to battle, while season one only had one as the big bad. Like the marines in Aliens, the government officials try to destroy the Upside Down with flamethrowers. Both feature a group of soldiers who find out much too late that they’ve underestimated their foe, and the words “stay frosty” are uttered in both as well.

Jaws

Like King’s continued presence in the series, so too is Jaws. Most notably, in the scene that features Hopper and Eleven descending into the depths of the lab to close the portal to the Upside Down. As they’re confronted with the power of the Mind Flayer and the enclosing pack of Demodogs, they find the iron cage they’re in has left them vulnerable. Just like Richard Dreyfuss’ Hooper, who finds himself face to face with the shark while inside the shark cage beneath the water.

And of course, there’s no shortage of references in the Halloween set episode of season two, which has the core group of characters dressed as Ghostbusters. It introduces Max, who’s dressed as Michael Myers, and a whole slew of horror nods scattered among the trick or treaters.


“Stranger Things” returns to Netflix on the Fourth of July!

Horror journalist, RT Top Critic, and Critics Choice Association member. Co-Host of the Bloody Disgusting Podcast. Has appeared on PBS series' Monstrum, served on the SXSW Midnighter shorts jury, and moderated horror panels for WonderCon and SeriesFest.

Editorials

Finding Faith and Violence in ‘The Book of Eli’ 14 Years Later

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Having grown up in a religious family, Christian movie night was something that happened a lot more often than I care to admit. However, back when I was a teenager, my parents showed up one night with an unusually cool-looking DVD of a movie that had been recommended to them by a church leader. Curious to see what new kind of evangelical propaganda my parents had rented this time, I proceeded to watch the film with them expecting a heavy-handed snoozefest.

To my surprise, I was a few minutes in when Denzel Washington proceeded to dismember a band of cannibal raiders when I realized that this was in fact a real movie. My mom was horrified by the flick’s extreme violence and dark subject matter, but I instantly became a fan of the Hughes Brothers’ faith-based 2010 thriller, The Book of Eli. And with the film’s atomic apocalypse having apparently taken place in 2024, I think this is the perfect time to dive into why this grim parable might also be entertaining for horror fans.

Originally penned by gaming journalist and The Walking Dead: The Game co-writer Gary Whitta, the spec script for The Book of Eli was already making waves back in 2007 when it appeared on the coveted Blacklist. It wasn’t long before Columbia and Warner Bros. snatched up the rights to the project, hiring From Hell directors Albert and Allen Hughes while also garnering attention from industry heavyweights like Denzel Washington and Gary Oldman.

After a series of revisions by Anthony Peckham meant to make the story more consumer-friendly, the picture was finally released in January of 2010, with the finished film following Denzel as a mysterious wanderer making his way across a post-apocalyptic America while protecting a sacred book. Along the way, he encounters a run-down settlement controlled by Bill Carnegie (Gary Oldman), a man desperate to get his hands on Eli’s book so he can motivate his underlings to expand his empire. Unwilling to let this power fall into the wrong hands, Eli embarks on a dangerous journey that will test the limits of his faith.


SO WHY IS IT WORTH WATCHING?

Judging by the film’s box-office success, mainstream audiences appear to have enjoyed the Hughes’ bleak vision of a future where everything went wrong, but critics were left divided by the flick’s trope-heavy narrative and unapologetic religious elements. And while I’ll be the first to admit that The Book of Eli isn’t particularly subtle or original, I appreciate the film’s earnest execution of familiar ideas.

For starters, I’d like to address the religious elephant in the room, as I understand the hesitation that some folks (myself included) might have about watching something that sounds like Christian propaganda. Faith does indeed play a huge part in the narrative here, but I’d argue that the film is more about the power of stories than a specific religion. The entire point of Oldman’s character is that he needs a unifying narrative that he can take advantage of in order to manipulate others, while Eli ultimately chooses to deliver his gift to a community of scholars. In fact, the movie even makes a point of placing the Bible in between equally culturally important books like the Torah and Quran, which I think is pretty poignant for a flick inspired by exploitation cinema.

Sure, the film has its fair share of logical inconsistencies (ranging from the extent of Eli’s Daredevil superpowers to his impossibly small Braille Bible), but I think the film more than makes up for these nitpicks with a genuine passion for classic post-apocalyptic cinema. Several critics accused the film of being a knockoff of superior productions, but I’d argue that both Whitta and the Hughes knowingly crafted a loving pastiche of genre influences like Mad Max and A Boy and His Dog.

Lastly, it’s no surprise that the cast here absolutely kicks ass. Denzel plays the title role of a stoic badass perfectly (going so far as to train with Bruce Lee’s protégée in order to perform his own stunts) while Oldman effortlessly assumes a surprisingly subdued yet incredibly intimidating persona. Even Mila Kunis is remarkably charming here, though I wish the script had taken the time to develop these secondary characters a little further. And hey, did I mention that Tom Waits is in this?


AND WHAT MAKES IT HORROR ADJACENT?

Denzel’s very first interaction with another human being in this movie results in a gory fight scene culminating in a face-off against a masked brute wielding a chainsaw (which he presumably uses to butcher travelers before eating them), so I think it’s safe to say that this dog-eat-dog vision of America will likely appeal to horror fans.

From diseased cannibals to hyper-violent motorcycle gangs roaming the wasteland, there’s plenty of disturbing R-rated material here – which is even more impressive when you remember that this story revolves around the bible. And while there are a few too many references to sexual assault for my taste, even if it does make sense in-universe, the flick does a great job of immersing you in this post-nuclear nightmare.

The excessively depressing color palette and obvious green screen effects may take some viewers out of the experience, but the beat-up and lived-in sets and costume design do their best to bring this dead world to life – which might just be the scariest part of the experience.

Ultimately, I believe your enjoyment of The Book of Eli will largely depend on how willing you are to overlook some ham-fisted biblical references in order to enjoy some brutal post-apocalyptic shenanigans. And while I can’t really blame folks who’d rather not deal with that, I think it would be a shame to miss out on a genuinely engaging thrill-ride because of one minor detail.

With that in mind, I’m incredibly curious to see what Whitta and the Hughes Brothers have planned for the upcoming prequel series starring John Boyega


There’s no understating the importance of a balanced media diet, and since bloody and disgusting entertainment isn’t exclusive to the horror genre, we’ve come up with Horror Adjacent – a recurring column where we recommend non-horror movies that horror fans might enjoy.

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