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The Queer Legacy (and Future) of “Hannibal”: An Open Letter to Netflix and Horror Fans

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Hannibal Mads

There’s a moment in Thomas Harris’ 1981 novel Red Dragon when, shortly after having his first encounter with Will Graham since the man put him away, Dr. Hannibal Lecter lies on his bed with the cell lights down, ruminating on odors. Harris juxtaposes the mundane realities of Lecter’s incarcerated life (the smell of Clorox in the drains; orderlies serving chili) with the scents he associates with Graham. The first of which is semen. 

Reading the novel for the first time as a teenager not yet fully in touch with her own queerness, I remember thinking, “That’s pretty gay.” And it was. Throughout the novel, Lecter is nothing if not the ex from hell, lashing out when Graham won’t give him his phone number, trying to remove his new partner from the picture, and generally refusing to let the other man move on. 

Luckily, I wasn’t the only one who thought so. Three decades later, Bryan Fuller, an openly gay creator, showed up to give me the canonically queer adaptation I didn’t know I needed in the form of Hannibal, a series that stays true to its horror roots while delivering on a promise in its character development that LGBTQ+ fans seldom get to see. Now, just in time for Pride, all three seasons of Fuller’s Hannibal have arrived on Netflix in the U.S. and Canada (the UK and South Korea have had them for some time), and you may have heard rumblings from fans that another season would be truly delectable right about now. If you were on the fence about taking a bite out of this twisted horror romance, allow me to whet your appetite and leave you hungry for that fabled fourth season—because the show’s queer past, present, and future is something you might need in your life, too. 

First, a brief history. Hannibal debuted in 2013 on NBC, imagining the relationship that Graham (Hugh Dancy) and Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen) might have had before the latter’s eventual capture. Of course, with Hannibal the Cannibal on the loose (not to mention a worryingly high number of active serial killers per capita), the bodies quickly pile up, and Fuller and his creative team push every boundary of network TV-approved gore—folding human origami, stacking a totem pole of corpses, flaying backs, and filling torsos with flowers. But between all the blood and mutilated bodies, something interesting starts to happen between the series’ two male leads. 

They start to fall in love. 

I feel it’s important to pause here and say, this is not just my interpretation. While countless shows shamelessly queerbait then ridicule their fans for reading into the subtext, Hannibal drags its subtext so far out of the closet that by the third season, it’s undeniably just text. Before long, the leads have basically adopted a child together, and Lecter is reminding Graham on the regular that he loves him. A love ballad plays over their final scene together.

I don’t believe Fuller set out to create a gay story. Based on various interviews he’s given over the years, some of it seems to have happened organically (perhaps fueled by that undercurrent of homoeroticism, subtle but unmistakably there, that runs through the original novel, as well as the queer-coding of Lecter’s character as a means of making him appear more deviant in Jonathan Demme’s 1991 adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs). The rest may have been inspired by the passion of the fans, who instantly clocked a romantic and sexual tension between Lecter and Graham that Fuller was too close to the material to see. And while a lesser show might have doubled down on its heterosexuality in an attempt to brush the question of queerness under the rug, Hannibal did something unusual. It allowed its more sexually liberal character, Lecter, to pine after the object of his desire, while forcing Graham to confront how his feelings for Lecter squared away with something he’d always clearly believed about himself—that he was fundamentally straight. 

This culminates in a fascinating scene in the third season where Graham sits down with Bedelia Du Maurier (Gillian Anderson), Lecter’s psychiatrist, and asks her something that has obviously been eating at him for some time: whether Lecter is in love with him. “Could he daily feel a stab of hunger for you and find nourishment at the very sight of you? Yes,” Du Maurier replies. “But do you ache for him?” 

Graham doesn’t have an answer for her then, but by the time the season reaches its erotically charged final act, he appears to have come to terms with a few things about himself (despite the fact that Lecter does indeed, during his incarceration, become the ex from hell that queer readers of the novel always knew he was). It’s an incredibly nuanced and beautiful arc, and one we rarely see in media, much less in gory horror television. The fact that Fuller remains to this day a vocal advocate for queer content created by Hannibal fans (aka “Fannibals”) is the icing on the cake. Where other creators quietly pretend that the queer corners of their fandoms don’t exist (or, in the worst cases, blatantly roll their eyes), Fuller has always set a place at the table for us. 

Now that the show has found a new home on Netflix, I’m here to extend the invitation. To all the horror fans, queer and straight alike, who haven’t had a taste of Hannibal yet: we’ve kept a seat warm for you. And to the folks who might have originally dismissed it as just another remake of a popular horror property—I once assumed the same, and I can assure you it’s not. Hannibal raises the bar for horror television so high that, since it aired its final episode in 2015, every dish I’ve sampled since has tasted bland in comparison. It begins as a seemingly straightforward police procedural with a curious fixation on body horror and evolves into a psychological nightmare told through the lens of a European art film.

And it does all this while weaving an intimate and endlessly enthralling queer love story, taking a small seed of a backstory from Harris’ original novel and growing it into something unique and daring and beautiful. So come for the elaborate murder tableaux, but I promise you’ll be staying for sexual tension so thick you could cut it with knife. Trust me. Both Lecter and Graham try. 

As for you, Netflix, it’s your turn to cook. The Fannibals have been waiting a long time for a fourth season, and this delicacy of queer-created, queer-friendly horror media deserves to find a new life on your platform. While the show was critically acclaimed during its original run, network TV audiences weren’t ready for it. Your viewers are. Auteur-driven horror and queer horror are having a moment, and you could be at the forefront of both. The time for Hannibal is most definitely now. 

I would encourage you to step through the door Bryan Fuller is holding open. It’s dark on the other side, and madness is waiting—but it’s the kind you can’t look away from, and the kind that stays with you long after the final credits have rolled. After all, five years after it went off the air, we fans still daily feel a stab of hunger for Hannibal

And yes, we ache for more.

Editorials

‘A Haunted House’ and the Death of the Horror Spoof Movie

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Due to a complex series of anthropological mishaps, the Wayans Brothers are a huge deal in Brazil. Around these parts, White Chicks is considered a national treasure by a lot of people, so it stands to reason that Brazilian audiences would continue to accompany the Wayans’ comedic output long after North America had stopped taking them seriously as comedic titans.

This is the only reason why I originally watched Michael Tiddes and Marlon Wayans’ 2013 horror spoof A Haunted House – appropriately known as “Paranormal Inactivity” in South America – despite having abandoned this kind of movie shortly after the excellent Scary Movie 3. However, to my complete and utter amazement, I found myself mostly enjoying this unhinged parody of Found Footage films almost as much as the iconic spoofs that spear-headed the genre during the 2000s. And with Paramount having recently announced a reboot of the Scary Movie franchise, I think this is the perfect time to revisit the divisive humor of A Haunted House and maybe figure out why this kind of film hasn’t been popular in a long time.

Before we had memes and internet personalities to make fun of movie tropes for free on the internet, parody movies had been entertaining audiences with meta-humor since the very dawn of cinema. And since the genre attracted large audiences without the need for a serious budget, it made sense for studios to encourage parodies of their own productions – which is precisely what happened with Miramax when they commissioned a parody of the Scream franchise, the original Scary Movie.

The unprecedented success of the spoof (especially overseas) led to a series of sequels, spin-offs and rip-offs that came along throughout the 2000s. While some of these were still quite funny (I have a soft spot for 2008’s Superhero Movie), they ended up flooding the market much like the Guitar Hero games that plagued video game stores during that same timeframe.

You could really confuse someone by editing this scene into Paranormal Activity.

Of course, that didn’t stop Tiddes and Marlon Wayans from wanting to make another spoof meant to lampoon a sub-genre that had been mostly overlooked by the Scary Movie series – namely the second wave of Found Footage films inspired by Paranormal Activity. Wayans actually had an easier time than usual funding the picture due to the project’s Found Footage presentation, with the format allowing for a lower budget without compromising box office appeal.

In the finished film, we’re presented with supposedly real footage recovered from the home of Malcom Johnson (Wayans). The recordings themselves depict a series of unexplainable events that begin to plague his home when Kisha Davis (Essence Atkins) decides to move in, with the couple slowly realizing that the difficulties of a shared life are no match for demonic shenanigans.

In practice, this means that viewers are subjected to a series of familiar scares subverted by wacky hijinks, with the flick featuring everything from a humorous recreation of the iconic fan-camera from Paranormal Activity 3 to bizarre dance numbers replacing Katy’s late-night trances from Oren Peli’s original movie.

Your enjoyment of these antics will obviously depend on how accepting you are of Wayans’ patented brand of crass comedy. From advanced potty humor to some exaggerated racial commentary – including a clever moment where Malcom actually attempts to move out of the titular haunted house because he’s not white enough to deal with the haunting – it’s not all that surprising that the flick wound up with a 10% rating on Rotten Tomatoes despite making a killing at the box office.

However, while this isn’t my preferred kind of humor, I think the inherent limitations of Found Footage ended up curtailing the usual excesses present in this kind of parody, with the filmmakers being forced to focus on character-based comedy and a smaller scale story. This is why I mostly appreciate the love-hate rapport between Kisha and Malcom even if it wouldn’t translate to a healthy relationship in real life.

Of course, the jokes themselves can also be pretty entertaining on their own, with cartoony gags like the ghost getting high with the protagonists (complete with smoke-filled invisible lungs) and a series of silly The Exorcist homages towards the end of the movie. The major issue here is that these legitimately funny and genre-specific jokes are often accompanied by repetitive attempts at low-brow humor that you could find in any other cheap comedy.

Not a good idea.

Not only are some of these painfully drawn out “jokes” incredibly unfunny, but they can also be remarkably offensive in some cases. There are some pretty insensitive allusions to sexual assault here, as well as a collection of secondary characters defined by negative racial stereotypes (even though I chuckled heartily when the Latina maid was revealed to have been faking her poor English the entire time).

Cinephiles often claim that increasingly sloppy writing led to audiences giving up on spoof movies, but the fact is that many of the more beloved examples of the genre contain some of the same issues as later films like A Haunted House – it’s just that we as an audience have (mostly) grown up and are now demanding more from our comedy. However, this isn’t the case everywhere, as – much like the Elves from Lord of the Rings – spoof movies never really died, they simply diminished.

A Haunted House made so much money that they immediately started working on a second one that released the following year (to even worse reviews), and the same team would later collaborate once again on yet another spoof, 50 Shades of Black. This kind of film clearly still exists and still makes a lot of money (especially here in Brazil), they just don’t have the same cultural impact that they used to in a pre-social-media-humor world.

At the end of the day, A Haunted House is no comedic masterpiece, failing to live up to the laugh-out-loud thrills of films like Scary Movie 3, but it’s also not the trainwreck that most critics made it out to be back in 2013. Comedy is extremely subjective, and while the raunchy humor behind this flick definitely isn’t for everyone, I still think that this satirical romp is mostly harmless fun that might entertain Found Footage fans that don’t take themselves too seriously.

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