Editorials
How ‘Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation’ Was a Precursor to ‘Martyrs’
Released in 2008, the French film Martyrs is a groundbreaking and brilliantly crafted work of horror. Written and directed by Pascal Laugier, the film drew in and appealed to viewers looking for intense gore and horror, but it also offered up a thoughtful rumination on existence and spirituality that sure made a lasting impression.
Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation, well, it’s not as fondly remembered by horror fans. Written and directed by Kim Henkel (the original film’s co-writer) under the title The Return of the Texas Chainsaw Massacre before being immediately shelved by Columbia Pictures, it was finally released in 1997 when Renee Zellweger and Matthew McConaughey gained fame from other projects. It was a critical failure, and it would be nine years before the franchise would release another movie.
So how is it that Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation has any connection to Martyrs? This is your SPOILER WARNING for both films.
The big revelation of Martyrs comes at the halfway point, when lead character Anna discovers that the ravings of her friend Lucie are true: a seemingly normal suburban house hides a torture chamber underneath it, and the people who lived there were part of a program designed to systematically torture innocent people in the hopes of giving them a glimpse of God or perhaps the afterlife.
In the film, the woman who leads the program explains: “It’s so easy to create a victim, young lady, so easy. You lock someone in a dark room. They begin to suffer. You feed that suffering. Methodically, systematically, and coldly. And make it last. Your subject goes through a number of states. After a while, their trauma, that small, easily opened crack, makes them see things that don’t exist.” The whole film is colored by this haunting idea, including the unforgettable final moments when the leader of the project hears the whispered revelation from a tortured girl who has seen what lies beyond; instead of sharing it with the group, the woman simply kills herself.
Martyrs was devastating and highly original back in 2008, but a strikingly similar version of the core concept was actually written fourteen years earlier and reached screens eleven years before Martyrs did.
Yes, I’m talking about Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation.
Back in 2014, Bloody Disgusting’s own John Squires interviewed writer/director Kim Henkel about The Next Generation in an article for Halloween Love. In the interview, John posed questions about the last act of the film, in which a strange man in black shows up to interact with the cannibalistic family, eventually taking one of the victims from the family and leaving in an ominous-looking black vehicle.
Henkel himself confirmed Squires’ inquiries about the film’s largely unrecognized depth, saying, “It is implied that the Illuminati, or an Illuminati-like organization, was lurking in the Chainsaw family background. Vilmer calls his wrecker service Illuminati Wrecking. Darla describes the organization Vilmer works for in Illuminati-like terms. And then there’s the appearance of Rothman, a mysterious, Illuminati-like figure.”
Rothman’s appearance, and subsequent argument with Vilmer, starts to make his involvement clear: “You are here for one reason, and one reason only. Do you understand that? I want to hear you say you understand that. No? It’s very simple. I want these people to know the meaning of horror… horror…”
Rothman then turns to Zellweger’s final girl character, softly noting, “It’s been an abomination. You really must accept my sincere apologies. It was supposed to be a spiritual experience. I can’t tell you how disappointed I am.”
When Squires asked Henkel about Rothman, Henkel said, “He comes off more like the leader of some harum-scarum cult that makes a practice of bringing victims to experience horror on the pretext that it produces some sort of transcendent experience. Of course, it does produce a transcendent experience. Death is like that. But no good comes of it. You’re tortured and tormented, and get the crap scared out of you, and then you die.”
The harum-scarum cult described by Henkel is exactly the type of program shown in Martyrs, and it is a surprising and eerie coincidence that Henkel’s off-the-cuff words about death and torture sound so similar to the words of the program leader in Martyrs. Though Laugier has never gone on record citing The Next Generation as an influence (it probably was not), it is undeniable that the two films share a very specific, very disturbing story element that hasn’t cropped up in any other horror films.
If nothing more, maybe The Next Generation deserves a revisit. It’s no Martyrs, but there’s more to it than it ever seems to get credit for.
Editorials
André Øvredal’s ‘Troll Hunter’ Remains One of the Best Found Footage Movies
In this day and age, the word “troll” is often used to describe various online nuisances. Yet as abundant and irksome as the modern troll can be, they aren’t usually as fearsome as their mythological counterparts. I’m not talking about the small and gentler versions that have become more common to see in media. No, there are much bigger and scarier trolls out there—and André Øvredal’s movie Troll Hunter is one of the best places to find them.
It doesn’t take long for Troll Hunter (or Trolljegeren) to dump the Blair Witch Project-esque setup and aim for something a lot fresher. The trajectory of the story is augmented by Otto Jespersen’s character Hans, the titular Troll Hunter. The second he comes barreling out of the deep, dark woods and shouts “troll” at the camera, this movie takes a turn into what feels like uncharted territory. Not only subject-wise, but also conceptually.
For fantastical and made-up subject matter in cinema, found footage is a fast way to add a guise of believability. After all, what we accept to be the most crucial aspect of documentaries—the truth—rubs off on pseudo-documentaries, despite our understanding of the pretense involved. That is what Øvredal delivered with Troll Hunter: a movie so convincing that some viewers wondered if trolls really do exist. So, had this been straightforwardly made, it likely wouldn’t have been as effective. Conventional narratives would be more inclined to treat something like trolls as flat out unreal, and never try to convince the audience to think otherwise.

Hans petrifies the three-headed Tusseladd troll.
The viewers, like the characters trailing Hans, are quickly thrown into the deeper end of that extraordinary story. They have to process all this new information while staying on the go. So, although there is no significant amount of meandering, narratively or physically, there is still a good amount of atmosphere, not to mention tension building. It’s never anything frightful, but then again, Troll Hunter isn’t your standard offering of horror; it’s more on the low end of the dark fantasy spectrum. We aren’t ever spirited away to a faraway world—we stay in rather familiar surroundings, as well as dip into those less so. The outcome is a movie where you’re constantly more in awe than in terror.
As fantasy fiction might do, Troll Hunter prefers not to deal with incredulity. There is no time to waste on doubt, as interviewer Thomas (Glenn Erland Tosterud), soundperson Johanna (Johanna Mørck), and cameraman Kalle (Tomas Alf Larsen) all follow Hans around, recording whatever this character is willing to reveal about his bizarre job. Of course, the Troll Hunter himself is not an open book; in that respect, the diegetic documentary fails to fully capture and unpack the more interesting of its two subjects. Yes, all those giant, monstrous trolls are indeed incredible, but understandably, your mind wanders to their pursuer. What kind of person signs up for this gig and then chooses to stick with it for so long?
Reviews have called out Troll Hunter for its lack of character development. In regard to Thomas and his fellow documentarians, that criticism is valid, but bear in mind, they aren’t the focus of the story, either. Meanwhile, Hans is a well-crafted character. At least better than first realized. Before he was introduced, Hans had already grown tired of the troll grind. Fed up with that low compensation for his services, resentful of the bureaucracy, and wanting to expose his employer on a large scale, Hans’ discontent is glaring.
Then there are those finer details about the Troll Hunter, such as that indifference to both the natural splendor of his everyday surroundings and the affections of an obviously smitten colleague, that also suggest some level of despondency. So it is fair to say this movie doesn’t feature any sizable growth for its characters; however, the namesake isn’t underwritten. No doubt, putting a real-life character like Otto Jespersen in that role is partly why Hans is so fascinating—maybe even relatable.

Otto Jespersen as Hans the Troll Hunter.
There is always a small risk whenever using the term “mockumentary” to describe a found-footage movie, as the word could imply humor where there is none. In the case of Troll Hunter, the term’s usage is appropriate. Some folks have claimed the English-dubbed version has the more comedic tone, however, the Norwegian cut isn’t exactly humorless. Apart from the trolls’ absurd appearances, this is a movie where the characters nearly choke on the monsters’ farts, and Christians are like walking targets. Hans’ complete apathy towards everything is another cause of laughter. Overall, the comedy is intentionally dry and inconsistent. Unfunny, though? Absolutely not.
In a movie where endemic creatures are maltreated, as well as disavowed from living freely and peacefully, it’s hard not to notice the ecological message buried beneath the story. In addition to that is the unmistakable political satire. There is this whole business about intrusive and unsightly power lines—like trolls, they’re big blemishes on the land—that leads to what is perhaps the movie’s funniest moment. The scene in question is that one where certain electric lines, the ones secretly being used to keep the trolls at bay, go in a loop and don’t actually send power to any residents. Yet the monitors of said lines don’t find this at all weird. So it stands to reason that Øvredal was having a go at those who accept the government’s doings without question.
Looking past the fact that trolls aren’t actually real, this movie is an enlightening source of information. And not just for international audiences; Norwegians, too, get schooled about their homeland’s own mythology. It’s also evident from everything on screen that Øvredal and his crew were enthusiastic about the topic. The creature designs are the most indicative of that zeal; those imaginative yet myth-accurate manifestations are equally amusing and grotesque. One second you’re laughing at their phallic noses, the next you’re white-knuckling during a hairy sequence. Most surprisingly is how well the trolls’ visual effects hold up after fifteen years. It’s not all spotless, but on the whole, they remain impressive.
Vouching for a mockumentary about trolls isn’t easy, but those who do come around and give it a shot will more than likely be grateful for the recommendation. For Troll Hunter is a real find in that vast and varied genre we call “found footage“.

A bridge troll reaches up for food and finds Hans decked out in armor.




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