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Shotguns, Sleaze, and Secret Passages: 25 Years of ‘Duke Nukem 3D’

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What was the first time you really clicked with a First Person Shooter? Some will say DOOM, others Call of Duty or Counterstrike. Maybe something a bit different like Left 4 Dead or Half-Life? For me, it really began with trying 3D Realms’ Duke Nukem 3D on my uncle’s PC.

I’d grown up embracing sci-fi and horror, as well as over the top 80s action films, so after going through an opening level, set in a war-torn Downtown Los Angeles, that was full of just that, a teenage me was naturally left in awe of Duke Nukem 3D for a variety of reasons.

Duke Nukem 3D sees the titular musclebound action hero saving the world from an alien invasion the only way he knows how, by reeling off one-liners and blowing shit up. Duke’s appearance and attitude was a blender full of 1980s action heroes. A frothy mixture of Stallone, Schwarzenegger, Kurt Russell, Bruce Campbell, and Roddy Piper, with a crude sense of humor targeted directly at teenage boys. It veers into absurd parody of the action movie genre and pokes fun at its then rivals (the eviscerated DOOM guy Easter Egg was mindblowing to me at the time).

This was, of course, an incredibly violent game for the time, albeit with tongue lodged firmly in cheek (Duke threatens to rip a boss’ head off and shit down his neck, and in a cutscene after the fight, keeps that promise) and the pixelated titillation that accompanied it (A strip club is an early setting, and undressed ladies are a common sight throughout) made sure it wasn’t destined to be sitting in many kids’ Christmas stockings.

Graphic, violent games were almost taboo to me at this stage of life (and still a relative rarity in the medium). I could freely read horror books, and my parents were fairly good about letting me watch violent action and horror films (they were less into me and my brothers watching wrestling because siblings and choreographed violence ends in foosball tables being shattered by one kid throwing another off a bunk bed), but video game violence? Not something that was so readily accepted, especially given how high profile they’d been made by newspaper hysteria.

So getting that whiff of Duke Nukem at my uncle’s house was rarefied air. Just as it had been when I got to play slivers of Mortal Kombat, DOOM, and Resident Evil at a friends house (I saw right up until the first zombie showed up in Resident Evil before that friend refused to have the game on again). 

We were lucky enough to be getting a PC for the first time soon after that experience, and my Dad managed to get my uncle to sneak a copy of Duke Nukem 3D in amongst some more ‘family-friendly’ fare. You bet your behind I got to playing that game as soon as I could.

The opening level of Duke Nukem 3D was already taking up residence in my impressionable young mind after that brief taste, but after that first week actually getting to play it properly at home, it was permanently burned into my brain.

Beneath the perviness, gore, and quotes ripped from films (I thought the ‘All Outta Gum’ line from They Live was from this game only for a few years before finally watching the movie) was this game full of cool secrets. Hidden switches and doorways, fun Easter Eggs, and grubby jokes were the reward for exploring what are, by modern standards, relatively small spaces. Yes, Duke was, and is, a shallow game when it comes to its characters and story, but as a 3D space to be explored? It was incredibly deep.

Level, after level, Duke 3D offered up a slew of secrets to uncover alongside its satisfying selection of alien-slaying arsenal (shrinking enemies and crushing them under your boot didn’t get old for a long time). A slew of expansions and mods kept me coming back again and again, and I naturally hoped for more from the Duke.

But maybe Duke Nukem was always set up to fall from grace.

After all, the cigar-chomping parody of 80s action heroes built a reputation on violence, sleaze, and misogyny, and while it once worked on a satirical level, the point only had to be missed once or twice for it to turn sour. Which it inevitably did.

Action movies were already moving away from that style, and first-person shooters were beginning to evolve at an alarming rate (the Nine Inch Nails-scored Quake would debut later the same year Duke Nukem 3D came out, and Half-Life was just a couple of years away). 

A long-gestating ‘true sequel’ became a meme, as Duke Nukem Forever took an absurd amount of time to finally release, and Duke, unfortunately, didn’t get the same late-career revival as his action movie star inspirations. Duke Nukem Forever ended up being a nostalgia-baiting flop, a game way out of its time, and one that clearly misunderstood most of the reasons behind Duke Nukem 3D’s success.

For me though, Duke Nukem will always be defined by Duke Nukem 3D. A game of thrilling discovery with more depth to it than the abundance of strippers and alien guts would imply. One that stands alone in getting the balance of smarts and sleaze just about right.

Editorials

‘Immaculate’ – A Companion Watch Guide to the Religious Horror Movie and Its Cinematic Influences

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The Devils - Immaculate companion guide
Pictured: 'The Devils' 1971

The religious horror movie Immaculate, starring Sydney Sweeney and directed by Michael Mohan, wears its horror influences on its sleeves. NEON’s new horror movie is now available on Digital and PVOD, making it easier to catch up with the buzzy title. If you’ve already seen Immaculate, this companion watch guide highlights horror movies to pair with it.

Sweeney stars in Immaculate as Cecilia, a woman of devout faith who is offered a fulfilling new role at an illustrious Italian convent. Cecilia’s warm welcome to the picture-perfect Italian countryside gets derailed soon enough when she discovers she’s become pregnant and realizes the convent harbors disturbing secrets.

From Will Bates’ gothic score to the filming locations and even shot compositions, Immaculate owes a lot to its cinematic influences. Mohan pulls from more than just religious horror, though. While Immaculate pays tribute to the classics, the horror movie surprises for the way it leans so heavily into Italian horror and New French Extremity. Let’s dig into many of the film’s most prominent horror influences with a companion watch guide.

Warning: Immaculate spoilers ahead.


Rosemary’s Baby

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The mother of all pregnancy horror movies introduces Rosemary Woodhouse (Mia Farrow), an eager-to-please housewife who’s supportive of her husband, Guy, and thrilled he landed them a spot in the coveted Bramford apartment building. Guy proposes a romantic evening, which gives way to a hallucinogenic nightmare scenario that leaves Rosemary confused and pregnant. Rosemary’s suspicions and paranoia mount as she’s gaslit by everyone around her, all attempting to distract her from her deeply abnormal pregnancy. While Cecilia follows a similar emotional journey to Rosemary, from the confusion over her baby’s conception to being gaslit by those who claim to have her best interests in mind, Immaculate inverts the iconic final frame of Rosemary’s Baby to great effect.


The Exorcist

Dick Smith makeup The Exorcist

William Friedkin’s horror classic shook audiences to their core upon release in the ’70s, largely for its shocking imagery. A grim battle over faith is waged between demon Pazuzu and priests Damien Karras (Jason Miller) and Lankester Merrin (Max von Sydow). The battleground happens to be a 12-year-old, Regan MacNeil (Linda Blair), whose possessed form commits blasphemy often, including violently masturbating with a crucifix. Yet Friedkin captures the horrifying events with stunning cinematography; the emotional complexity and shot composition lend elegance to a film that counterbalances the horror. That balance between transgressive imagery and artful form permeates Immaculate as well.


Suspiria

Suspiria

Jessica Harper stars as Suzy Bannion, an American newcomer at a prestigious dance academy in Germany who uncovers a supernatural conspiracy amid a series of grisly murders. It’s a dance academy so disciplined in its art form that its students and faculty live their full time, spending nearly every waking hour there, including built-in meals and scheduled bedtimes. Like Suzy Bannion, Cecilia is a novitiate committed to learning her chosen trade, so much so that she travels to a foreign country to continue her training. Also, like Suzy, Cecilia quickly realizes the pristine façade of her new setting belies sinister secrets that mean her harm. 


What Have You Done to Solange?

What Have You Done to Solange

This 1972 Italian horror film follows a college professor who gets embroiled in a bizarre series of murders when his mistress, a student, witnesses one taking place. The professor starts his own investigation to discover what happened to the young woman, Solange. Sex, murder, and religion course through this Giallo’s veins, which features I Spit on Your Grave’s Camille Keaton as Solange. Immaculate director Michael Mohan revealed to The Wrap that he emulated director Massimo Dallamano’s techniques, particularly in a key scene that sees Cecilia alone in a crowded room of male superiors, all interrogating her on her immaculate status.


The Red Queen Kills Seven Times

The Red Queen Kills Seven Times

In this Giallo, two sisters inherit their family’s castle that’s also cursed. When a dark-haired, red-robed woman begins killing people around them, the sisters begin to wonder if the castle’s mysterious curse has resurfaced. Director Emilio Miraglia infuses his Giallo with vibrant style, with the titular Red Queen instantly eye-catching in design. While the killer’s design and use of red no doubt played an influential role in some of Immaculate’s nightmare imagery, its biggest inspiration in Mohan’s film is its score. Immaculate pays tribute to The Red Queen Kills Seven Times through specific music cues.


The Vanishing

The Vanishing

Rex’s life is irrevocably changed when the love of his life is abducted from a rest stop. Three years later, he begins receiving letters from his girlfriend’s abductor. Director George Sluizer infuses his simple premise with bone-chilling dread and psychological terror as the kidnapper toys with Red. It builds to a harrowing finale you won’t forget; and neither did Mohan, who cited The Vanishing as an influence on Immaculate. Likely for its surprise closing moments, but mostly for the way Sluizer filmed from inside a coffin. 


The Other Hell

The Other Hell

This nunsploitation film begins where Immaculate ends: in the catacombs of a convent that leads to an underground laboratory. The Other Hell sees a priest investigating the seemingly paranormal activity surrounding the convent as possessed nuns get violent toward others. But is this a case of the Devil or simply nuns run amok? Immaculate opts to ground its horrors in reality, where The Other Hell leans into the supernatural, but the surprise lab setting beneath the holy grounds evokes the same sense of blasphemous shock. 


Inside

Inside 2007

During Immaculate‘s freakout climax, Cecilia sets the underground lab on fire with Father Sal Tedeschi (Álvaro Morte) locked inside. He manages to escape, though badly burned, and chases Cecilia through the catacombs. When Father Tedeschi catches Cecilia, he attempts to cut her baby out of her womb, and the stark imagery instantly calls Alexandre Bustillo and Julien Maury’s seminal French horror movie to mind. Like Tedeschi, Inside’s La Femme (Béatrice Dalle) will stop at nothing to get the baby, badly burned and all. 


Burial Ground

Burial Ground creepy kid

At first glance, this Italian zombie movie bears little resemblance to Immaculate. The plot sees an eclectic group forced to band together against a wave of undead, offering no shortage of zombie gore and wild character quirks. What connects them is the setting; both employed the Villa Parisi as a filming location. The Villa Parisi happens to be a prominent filming spot for Italian horror; also pair the new horror movie with Mario Bava’s A Bay of Blood or Blood for Dracula for additional boundary-pushing horror titles shot at the Villa Parisi.


The Devils

The Devils 1971 religious horror

The Devils was always intended to be incendiary. Horror, at its most depraved and sadistic, tends to make casual viewers uncomfortable. Ken Russell’s 1971 epic takes it to a whole new squeamish level with its nightmarish visuals steeped in some historical accuracy. There are the horror classics, like The Exorcist, and there are definitive transgressive horror cult classics. The Devils falls squarely in the latter, and Russell’s fearlessness in exploring taboos and wielding unholy imagery inspired Mohan’s approach to the escalating horror in Immaculate

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